Carbohydrate Content in Beer

Methods include enzymatic assays, which measure glucose levels through specific enzymes; High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), which separates and quantifies different sugars; refractometry, which provides an indirect estimate of carbohydrates based on light refraction; and gravimetric methods, which assess changes in specific gravity before and after fermentation. Each method offers varying degrees of accuracy and is chosen based on the brewery's specific needs.